8. Employment and support allowance

Employment and support allowance (ESA) is a benefit for people who have limited capability for work because of illness or disability. There are two types: income-related ESA (see below) and contributory ESA (see here).

‘Limited capability for work’ is assessed by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP), usually at a medical examination.

The DWP is responsible for the administration of ESA.